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Pneuonic Plague in China

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    Posted: November 13 2019 at 2:52am
China plague outbreak confirmed: Two diagnosed with deadly disease in Beijing

BEIJING health authorities have confirmed two patients have been diagnosed with pneumonic plague in North China’s Inner Mongolia autonomous region.
By Emily Ferguson

PUBLISHED: 15:13, Tue, Nov 12, 2019 | UPDATED: 19:56, Tue, Nov 12, 2019

The two patients are being treated in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital having been diagnosed with the severe condition at noon today, China Global Television Network report. Prevention and control measures have been implemented. The hospital, usually once one of the busiest in the capital, was found with virtually no patient in sight on Tuesday night, after the two patients were admitted, the Global Times reports.

The emergency room of the hospital was closed for patients Tuesday afternoon due to a "special situation," a nurse from the hospital told the news site, who declined to reveal details.

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) the pneumonic plague can be fatal if left untreated and is extremely contagious.

From 2010 to 2015, 3248 cases were reported worldwide, including 584 deaths.

WHO warn the disease can be transmitted via droplets to other humans and if not diagnosed and treated early, it can be fatal.

But the international health organisation say that recovery rates are high if detected and treated in time, usually within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms.

Typical symptoms include the suden onset of fever, chills, head and body aches, vomiting and nausea.

The incubation period is typically one to six days, but can be for as long as nine days.

The plague is caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis, which is usually found in small mammals and their fleas.

Humans can become infected by the bite of infected flea, unprotected contact with infectious bodily fluids or contaminiated materials, or through contact with another infected patient.

Pneumonic plague is just one form of plague infection, with bubonic plague being the most common form.

The bubonic plague is caused by the bite of an infected flea, causing the lymph node to become inflamed, tense and painful.

At advanced stages of the infection the inflamed lymph nodes can turn into open sores filled with pus.

Bubonic plague can then spread to the lungs and advance to pneumonic plague.

Source:   https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1203410/china-news-plague-outbreak-health-latest-pulmonary-plague-symptoms


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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote carbon20 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 13 2019 at 1:14pm
Hey sorry Techno,i posted the same story, didn't see your post,

Great minds........lol
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Technophobe Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 13 2019 at 1:47pm
Thanks for the mention, Pal.

Personally, I don't mind. Although, I understand, some twits do.

I think getting offended at re-posting is childish and attention-seeking: "Look at me. I told you first!" or worse, "Nah. na, na ,na nah! I saw it first!"

As long as the information is out there, who cares?! That is what really matters.

So, I appreciate the mention and took no offence anyway.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote carbon20 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 13 2019 at 2:58pm
I never do it intentionally,

i sit on the train reading news s..t and think ah there's something that might interest people on AFT

And sometimes post without looking first,

All it means is we on the "same page"

As for people that take umbridge,they small minded...

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Technophobe Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 13 2019 at 4:17pm
Very small!

Noticing = posting; what could be better?
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Dutch Josh Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 14 2019 at 1:52am
China update; https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201911/14/WS5dccbbefa310cf3e355774cf.html;Health authorities in Beijing said on Thursday that one of the two patients who were recently diagnosed with a severe and infectious form of plague was "in critical condition but the patient's health had not deteriorated."

The other patient was now in stable condition, the Beijing Health Commission said.

The commission added that as of early Thursday morning, it had not detected signs of infection among people who had come in contact with the patients.
-
Fan Mengguang, a senior official with Inner Mongolia's CDC center, was quoted by the newspaper as saying that experts were looking into the cause of the plague and the spread of the disease was under control.

https://www.zerohedge.com/health/fears-pneumonic-plague-outbreak-after-2-diagnosed-china-hospital-lockdown;
Alarmingly, it's the second instance of the plague hitting the region in a matter of months, after last May a Mongolian couple died from bubonic plague after consuming the raw kidney of a marmot, based on a local folk practice.
-
The pneumonic form of the plague is considered the most virulent and deadly, causing severe lung infection via bacterium, transmitted from small mammals and their fleas. The other forms are bubonic and septicemic — the former cause swollen lymph nodes and the latter infects the blood.

From 2010 to 2015, the World Health Organization reported a total of 3248 cases worldwide, including 584 deaths; however, there are concerns that not all cases have been reported, with China recently coming under fire over allegations of possibly withholding its true number of cases.

https://www.who.int/csr/disease/plague/en/ (DJ-No WHO update yet)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumonic_plague, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumonic_plague#China;
The People's Republic of China has eradicated the pneumonic plague from most parts of the country, but still reports occasional cases in remote Western areas where the disease is carried by rats and the marmots that live across the Himalayan plateau. Outbreaks can be caused when a person eats an infected marmot or comes into contact with fleas carried by rats. A 2006 WHO report from an international meeting on plague cited a Chinese government disease expert as saying that most cases of the plague in China's northwest occur when hunters are contaminated while skinning infected animals.[10]

The expert said at the time that due to the region's remoteness, the disease killed more than half the infected people. The report also said that since the 1990s, there was a rise in plague cases in humans—from fewer than 10 in the 1980s to nearly 100 cases in 1996 and 254 in 2000.[11] In September 2008, two people in east Tibet died of pneumonic plague.[12]

(DJ-Is plague on the rise in China-maybe due to climate change effecting the Himalaya's ?)
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote carbon20 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 14 2019 at 5:06am
Is the bubonic/pneumonic plague the same varient in the USA as

in this outbreak in China/Mongolian ?
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Technophobe Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 14 2019 at 7:32am
Probably a bit different, but not in any significant way.

Plague, as FluMom accurately points out, is endemic in some areas, easy to avoid and (if caught early) easy to treat with antibiotics.

When it appears unexpectedly, it can cause big problems, as it has to be caught early for successful treatment and doctors are not necessarily looking for it.

Pneumonic versions are a bit nastier too, as they spread without contact with insect life - the big give-away for early diagnosis. Also infection of the lungs starts doing damage earlier.

So the trick with plague is: "Forewarned is forearmed." ..............hence the post.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Dutch Josh Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 15 2019 at 12:30am
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201911/15/WS5dce2448a310cf3e35577a09.html

The Beijing Municipal Health Commission has confirmed there are no new pneumonic plague cases in the city after speculation spread online about two patients.

The commission issued a statement on Thursday night saying that one person was treated in Xuanwu Hospital and the other at Beijing Children's Hospital. The two patients tested negative for the plague and were taken out of quarantine.

An expert team made diagnoses of the patients, both from Ordos, Inner Mongolia, by observing their clinical situations and examining the causes of their diseases, the commission said

News about the two suspected cases spread online after the Chaoyang district government in Beijing on Tuesday reported two confirmed cases of plague.

The two, from Xiliin Gol League in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, were confirmed to be pneumonic plague cases after being treated in a Chaoyang hospital earlier this month.

The commission said on Thursday that one plague patient was in stable condition while the other was "in critical condition but their symptoms had not deteriorated".

The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention said on Wednesday that the risk of the disease spreading in the capital is extremely low and there is no need for panic.

https://halturnerradioshow.com/index.php/en/news-page/world/pneumonic-plague-black-death-diagnosed-in-beijing-and-in-madagascar

DJ-With trans-EurAsia transport getting shorter, from 21 days to 10 days in the coming years risks of transport by train is growing.

https://www.zerohedge.com/commodities/south-korea-slaughters-380000-pigs-amid-cross-border-spread-african-swine-fever DJ-Also as a reminder "black death" was spread as a bio-weapon in the 1400's, during W.W.2 Japan experimented with (a.o.) this disease in Chinese death-camps.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Technophobe Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 16 2019 at 5:52am

The Real Reason to Panic About China’s Plague Outbreak
It’s not the disease that’s worrisome—it’s the Chinese government’s response to it.


November 16, 2019, 1:44 AM

he Chinese government’s response to this month’s outbreak of plague has been marked by temerity and some fear, which history suggests is entirely appropriate. But not all fear is the same, and Beijing seems to be afraid of the wrong things. Rather than being concerned about the germs and their spread, the government seems mostly motivated by a desire to manage public reaction about the disease. Those efforts, however, have failed—and the public’s response is now veering toward a sort of plague-inspired panic that’s not at all justified by the facts.

On Nov. 3, Li Jifeng, a doctor at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, the capital’s key infectious diseases treatment and quarantine center, attended to a middle-aged man who was struggling to breathe and his wife, who was also running a high fever and likewise gasping for air. The couple had been ailing for at least 10 days by the time Li saw them. They had initially sought care some 250 miles north of China’s capital in Inner Mongolia, a frigid cold region that straddles the borders of China, Mongolia, and North Korea, before being sent to Beijing for observation.

So far, so good, for China’s response. More ominous, however, was what happened next. Li’s WeChat social media posting describing the couple was quickly deleted. Meanwhile, the government officially informed the World Health Organization (WHO) about the cases, as it was required to do, but only on Nov. 13—after they were already reported by journalists around the world.

If the goal was to avoid stirring panic at home, the effect may have been the opposite. In the absence of clarifying, calming information from their government, Chinese people have been venting fear and concern on Weibo and other social media platforms. Their fear may be fueled by the role played by Chaoyang Hospital, which Beijing residents remember well from the 2003 SARS epidemic, when the authorities hid victims of that epidemic in the hospital, denying for weeks that the virus had even reached Beijing.

Amid the growing panic about the plague, the irony is that it far outstrips the real risks. Despite its devastating impact on human history, Yersinia pestis need not inspire fear or death in 2019. That it still causes the latter in the age of antibiotics is proof of public health and political failures, not to the inherent virulence of the microbe. That it causes the former is mostly due to misunderstandings about the relevant history.

There have been three great plague pandemics in human history caused by the bacterium Y. pestis, spreading from Siberia and Mongolia, across Asia, and into Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The first began in A.D. 541 within the Roman Empire, lasted two centuries, and was dubbed the Justinianic Plague. The second, the Black Death, spread from Asia into Italy in 1346 and persisted for 400 years, infecting most of the European population with such devastating outcome—50 million people died on a continent then inhabited by 80 million—that for centuries historians referred to it as the Great Mortality. The third pandemic began in the 1850s in China, spreading across Asia with such ferocity that India, alone, lost 20 million people.

Since the invention of antibiotics, the threat of a fourth pneumonic plague pandemic has dissipated, but the microbe continues to evoke profound public fear. For example, in 1994 I was in the Gujarat epicenter of a pneumonic plague epidemic in India, where the actual numbers of laboratory-confirmed infections were relatively small. But panic sparked a national hysteria in which every cough and fever seen from the Himalayas to the beaches of Goa were diagnosed as plague, filling hospital beds nationwide, causing a run on antibiotics, and spawning dark conspiracy theories about Pakistani, American, and Russian bioterrorism.

From 2010 to 2015, there were 3,248 plague cases reported worldwide, with 584 deaths. Those numbers jumped with the Madagascar outbreaks in 2017 and 2018. Tragically, modern plague epidemics too often go unrecognized, and individuals are left untreated until Y. pestis has so devastated the human body that antibiotics cannot reverse the damage to the lungs, kidneys, and cardiovascular system. Then, according to WHO, fatality rates are between 30 and 100 percent, with blood (septicemia) and pneumonic cases having the highest death rates. Which of the three forms of plague an individual will experience—bubonic, pneumonic, or septicemic—is usually determined by how the person was initially infected. The milder bubonic form is usually the result of bites from Y. pestis-carrying fleas. More dangerous pneumonic plague is inhaled, typically from the coughs of another infected person, and swiftly spreads inside the lungs to cause life-threatening pneumonia. And the very rare septicemic form, which is almost always fatal when untreated, occurs when plague bacteria enter the bloodstream, sometimes through an opening in the skin, rapidly spreading throughout the body.

Since 1990, the African island nation of Madagascar has suffered bubonic and pneumonic plague outbreaks every year, occurring seasonally between late August and March, with an annual average of 200 cases, about a quarter of which prove fatal. In 2017, the so-called “black year,” Madagascar recorded more than 2,400 cases, with 200 deaths, despite the bacteria’s vulnerability to antibiotics. The seasonality of the disease in Madagascar is likely linked to surges in the island’s rat population during heavy rains. Some scientists think that plague’s life cycle in rodents and fleas will be affected by climate change, leading to increased outbreaks amid global warming, but the picture is complex and heavily debated.

The bacteria are endemic across much of Mongolia and the former Soviet countries in central Asia. As part of Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward, more than 1.5 billion rats were killed in huge peasant campaigns in hopes of eradicating plague. During the mid-20th century, the Soviets conducted hundreds of programs, employing tens of thousands of people in hopes of eliminating the rodents and fleas that carry Y. pestis—all without lasting success.

In late April, a Mongolian couple contracted plague near Ulgii, not far from the Russian border, after eating the raw meat of an infected marmot—a squirrel-like animal that burrows in the steppes. A quarantine was put in place after the couple’s deaths, when lab results confirmed the couple had the plague, and nearly 150 people were isolated or quarantined, including airplane passengers arriving from the region in Ulaanbaatar, the country’s capital. The couple, according to local health authorities, died of multiple organ failure caused by septicemic plague.

Russia for decades has claimed invention of a successful plague vaccine, but it has never been available to the rest of the world, and its efficacy is dubious, according to Paul Mead, the chief of the Bacterial Diseases Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Fort Collins, Colorado. Several antibiotics are very effective in lieu of a vaccine, taken to prevent infection—chiefly, doxycycline and fluoroquinolones. The drugs very successfully treat infection if they are administered within the first hours after infection. It is also easy to prevent person-to-person transmission of Y. pestis with hand-washing and use of basic face masks. But without these inexpensive measures in place—low-cost prophylactic antibiotics, hand hygiene, and masking—the bacteria can be very contagious with proximity to a coughing victim of pneumonic plague.

Lowering the risks, however, requires transparency on the part of public health authorities. China’s National Health Commission has assured WHO, according to an agency spokesperson, that a robust effort is underway to find and monitor all individuals who have been in contact with the Beijing couple, both in Inner Mongolia and during their travel to Beijing. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, modeled closely after the U.S. CDC, has indeed proved skilled in disease surveillance. But given the Chinese government’s public health history—covering up the 2003 SARS epidemic even as it traveled to 30 other nations, denying the spread of the dangerous H5N1 influenza in the country for years, and stifling social media accounts of outbreaks—a fair amount of caution and skepticism is merited.


Source:   https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/11/16/china-bubonic-plague-outbreak-pandemic/
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote jacksdad Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 16 2019 at 7:39am
We have it here in SoCal - many of the campgrounds post warnings about not touching dead or dying wildlife (duh...). It's always fun to watch family members that come to visit as they read the signs

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Dutch Josh Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 19 2019 at 12:28am
https://halturnerradioshow.com/index.php/en/news-page/world/third-case-of-plague-diagnosed-in-china and http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2019-11/19/content_37523862.htm;
Less than a week after two people from the Inner Mongolia autonomous region were quarantined in a hospital in Beijing after being diagnosed with pneumonic plague, health officials in the region confirmed on Sunday reports of a case of bubonic plague.

While the news may have fueled the anxieties of those who fear an epidemic like that in Europe in the 14th century that killed tens of millions of people, the cases do not seem to be linked and there is no indication of an epidemic.

The Inner Mongolia health authorities said they have found no evidence to connect the latest case with the two earlier ones. And thanks to the use of antibiotics, which can treat almost all forms of the plague in their early stages, there is little likelihood of the disease spreading as those who have been in close contact with the three have been given preventative medicine and are being closely monitored.

(DJ-Antibiotics are the big difference between middle ages EurAsia and now. Still when the plague-bacteria gets more resistent the problem gets bigger, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/03/070321092751.htm)
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