One of our members asked if I would provide an update on the use of advanced biotechnologies for COVID therapies, so here goes! 1. The challenge: SARS-CoV2 corona virus is a "novel" virus, formerly unknown to humanity, and so we are undergoing a "natural experiment." It appears likely that this coronavirus spilled over from a bat host into humans, perhaps through an intermediary host (pangolin, civet cat etc.). This is how the original SARS virus came to infect humanity in 2003, and we are very lucky that this was stamped out quickly. 2. The pathogen: The SARS-CoV2 virus causes a great deal of damage to the human body during infection, primarily through instigation of the famous "cytokine storm." Cytokines are chemicals generated by our immune systems to help destroy invading pathogens, but if the immune response is exaggerated, the storm can cause a great deal of damage to healthy human tissue and organ systems such as lungs, heart and circulatory systems. 3. Treating the storm: Dating back to the original SARS outbreak in 2003, it was postulated that certain approved drugs, used to treat autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis, could be used to counteract the cytokine storm caused by novel coronaviruses. A key cytokine in the storm is TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor), a chemical that is particularly lethal against human tissue and, as the name implies, meant to help kill cancerous cells that have gone awry. I postulated that anti-TNF drugs might be life-saving for treating severe COVID-19 patients and so began to research this, using my resources from the University of Illinois College of Medicine. Interestingly, I found a reference from 2008, long before the COVID-19 outbreak began! The article is a bit heavy-lifting, but many of you will find it interesting! Please see: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1185/030079903125002757?needAccess=true - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1185/030079903125002757?needAccess=true TNF-α inhibition for potential therapeutic modulation of SARS coronavirus infection
Summary: Clinical and experimental evidence implicate TNF as a possible mediator of the severe immune-based pulmonary injury which can follow infection with H5N1 influenza and SARS coronavirus. Compared with the use of corticosteroids, the use of biologic TNF inhibitors, including etanercept, has the potential to be a more specific and more effective method of ameliorating the severe alveolar damage which can occur following infection with these agents. Further study is indicated.
------------- CRS, DrPH
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