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A few points; 1. [url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation ; In 1956, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillip_D._Cagan" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none;" title="Phillip D. Cagan - Phillip Cagan wrote The Monetary Dynamics of Hyperinflation, the book often regarded as the first serious study of hyperinflation and its effects https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation#cite_note-On_Cagan-5" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [5] (though The Economics of Inflation by C. Bresciani-Turroni on the German hyperinflation was published in Italian in 1931 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [6] ). In his book, Cagan defined a hyperinflationary episode as starting in the month that the monthly inflation rate exceeds 50%, and as ending when the monthly inflation rate drops below 50% and stays that way for at least a year. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation#cite_note-Hyper-7" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [7] Economists usually follow https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillip_D._Cagan" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none;" title="Phillip D. Cagan - Cagan 's description that hyperinflation occurs when the monthly inflation rate exceeds 50% (this is equivalent to a yearly rate of 12874.63%). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation#cite_note-On_Cagan-5" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [5] The https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Board" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none;" title="International Accounting Standards Board - International Accounting Standards Board has issued guidance on accounting rules in a hyperinflationary environment. It does not establish an absolute rule on when hyperinflation arises, but instead lists factors that indicate the existence of hyperinflation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [8] - -The general population prefers to keep its wealth in non-monetary assets or in a relatively stable foreign currency. Amounts of local currency held are immediately invested to maintain purchasing power;
- -The general population regards monetary amounts not in terms of the local currency but in terms of a relatively stable foreign currency. Prices may be quoted in that currency;
- -Sales and purchases on credit take place at prices that compensate for the expected loss of purchasing power during the credit period, even if the period is short;
- Interest rates, wages, and prices are linked to a price index; and
- -The cumulative inflation rate over three years approaches, or exceeds, 100%.
DJ, So on average 3x33,3%+ years of inflation would mean "hyperinflation". Maybe a year-to-year inflation of 30%+ -for a shorter time-could be considered as "early hyperinflation"? Most of the "west" is on its way to [url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession#Definition[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession#Definition; In a 1974 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none;" title="The New York Times - The New York Times article, Commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin suggested several rules of thumb for defining a recession, one of which was two consecutive quarters of negative GDP growth. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [6] In time, the other rules of thumb were forgotten. Some economists prefer a definition of a 1.5-2 percentage points rise in unemployment within 12 months In the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" title="United Kingdom - United Kingdom , https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_recessions_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" title="List of recessions in the United Kingdom - recessions are generally defined as two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth, as measured by the seasonal adjusted quarter-on-quarter figures for https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_GDP" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" title="Real GDP - real GDP . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession#cite_note-BBC-4" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession#cite_note-UKTreasury-5" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [5] The https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" title="European Union - European Union does not use this definition, instead using a range of other criteria such as employment rate and the depth of decline in economic activity there is not a 100% definitive and clear definition..."politics" play with numbers (tax) when there is an election coming. [url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression#Definitions[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression#Definitions - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression#Definitions ; Generally, periods labeled depressions are marked by a substantial and sustained shortfall of the ability to purchase goods relative to the amount that could be produced using current resources and technology ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_output" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none;" title="Potential output - potential output ). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [2] Another proposed definition of depression includes two general rules: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [4] - a decline in real GDP exceeding 10%, or
- a recession lasting 2 or more years.
There are also differences in the duration of depression across definitions. Some economists refer only to the period when economic activity is declining. The more common use, however, also encompasses the time until the economic activity has returned close to normal levels. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_depression#cite_note-nber.org-1" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none; - [1] DJ, biden wants to destroy Russia...So "we' are already in a total economic war. [url]https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/food-shortages-six-months-globalists-are-telling-us-what-happens-next[/url] or https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/food-shortages-six-months-globalists-are-telling-us-what-happens-next - https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/food-shortages-six-months-globalists-are-telling-us-what-happens-next (DJ-I do not believe in "a great reset"...[url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Reset[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Reset - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Reset in such a very divided world-I do believe in "collapse of fiat currencies"...). [url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_warfare[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_warfare - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_warfare on a global scale will be a "great reset" resulting in economic disaster... DJ-So even without a single shot fired countries "can kill eachother/the world" in an economic war. [url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_warfare#World_War_II[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_warfare#World_War_II - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_warfare#World_War_II and [url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Bernhard[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Bernhard - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Bernhard ; Operation Bernhard was an exercise by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" title="Nazi Germany - Nazi Germany to forge British https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_pound_sterling" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" title="Banknotes of the pound sterling - bank notes . "digital money" is asking for "digital economic warfare".... 2. [url]https://halturnerradioshow.com/index.php/en/news-page/world/take-note-they-re-all-laying-the-groundwork-we-are-in-danger[/url] or https://halturnerradioshow.com/index.php/en/news-page/world/take-note-they-re-all-laying-the-groundwork-we-are-in-danger - https://halturnerradioshow.com/index.php/en/news-page/world/take-note-they-re-all-laying-the-groundwork-we-are-in-danger The US nuclear bombs used against Japan in august 1945 are "small" compared with what is possebile/available now...Not only did the Russian Television network show this to the entire country, but they went even farther . . . finally admitting what has long been rumored about Russia having developed a 100 MEGA-ton nuclear drone torpedo. Look at what the Russian people were told on their TV's tonight: Plunge Britain into the sea by Tsunami from a nuclear torpedo drone! DJ, Weapons "strong enough" to wipe out countries in one strike...MAD [url]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_assured_destruction[/url] or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_assured_destruction - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_assured_destruction was meant to avoid total wars...not to fight them... DJ-I am NOT neutral, I blame biden...the US for seeking "regime change" in Moscow...For pushing weapons towards Ukraine fascist to start an offensive meant to kill as many ethnic Russians in (the east of) Ukraine-planned to start end of february-Russia stopped that. So if we want to get out of this MAD-ness "regime change" in the US/NATO is needed...Somehow the "political elite" seems to be unable to understand what they did start...YES War can destroy this planet, kill us all...You do not have to like eachother...maybe not seeing eachother that much is a better alternative... 3. [url]https://books.google.nl/books/about/Are_We_All_Nazis.html?id=HxMhAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y[/url] or https://books.google.nl/books/about/Are_We_All_Nazis.html?id=HxMhAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y - https://books.google.nl/books/about/Are_We_All_Nazis.html?id=HxMhAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y ; This book is based on the famous experiments conducted by Yale psychologist Stanley Milgram, which concluded that given an adjusted, controlled environment, most of us will act in a manner at total odds with our normal behavior patterns. Dr. Hans Askenasy agrees with these findings, and presents, with compelling logic and scholarship, a most disquieting view: that the Nazis who carried out the murder of six million Jews were neither sadists, madmen or monsters. Most of us would like to think they were, for then the responsibility for the atrocities they committed could be placed upon a special class of criminals or lunatics essentially different from the rest of us. Auschwitz could not, we like to believe, have happened here--yet it is psychologically easy to ignore responsibility when one is only an intermediate link in a chain of evil. The author concludes that the main cause of large-scale destructiveness is not individual criminality, but social abnormality--a collective madness which we do not fully understand and with which we have not yet come to terms.--From publisher description. DJ, What does a person change from a friendly neighbour into "the killer next door" ? As happened in most civil wars ....Do we have (to have) a "moral compass" stopping us from doing things we may regret the rest of our lives ? Fact is-most of us seem to be "following" not "thinking" enough for themselves...I see myself as a pacifist-but when loved ones are in danger (including pets)or vulnerable are at risk (small children, the old) I do not know what I would do... I was very lucky so far not to have lived in a war-zone... Some questions to start of the first week in may...stay safe...
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We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them.
~Albert Einstein
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