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Tracking the next pandemic: Avian Flu Talk

SuperBug MRSA II

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muriel46 View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote muriel46 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 12 2007 at 11:34pm
Thanks to Merlin at T R C

Aggressive staph germ causes cells to explode, researchers find

Last Updated: Monday, November 12, 2007 | 10:57 AM ET
The Associated Press

The aggressive antibiotic-resistant staph infection responsible for thousands of recent illnesses in the United States undermines the body's defences by causing germ-fighting cells to explode, researchers reported Sunday.

Experts say the findings may help lead to better treatments.

The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, infection long has been associated with health-care facilities, where it attacks people with weakened immune systems. But many recent cases involve an aggressive strain, community-associated MRSA, or CA-MRSA. It can cause severe infections and even death in otherwise healthy people outside of health care settings.

The CA-MRSA strain secretes a kind of peptide — a compound formed by amino acids — that causes immune cells called neutrophils to burst, eliminating a main defence against infection, according to researchers.

The findings, from a team of U.S. and German researchers led by Michael Otto of the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, appeared in Sunday's online edition of the journal Nature Medicine. The research was conducted in mice and with human blood in laboratory tests.

Both hospital-associated and community-associated MRSA contained genes for the peptides. But their production was much higher in the CA-MRSA, the researchers said. The compounds first cause inflammation, drawing the immune cells to the site of the infection, and then destroy those cells. Within five minutes of exposure to the peptides from CA-MRSA, human neutrophils showed flattening and signs of damage to their membrane, researchers said. After 60 minutes, many cells had disintegrated completely.

"This elegant work helps reveal the complex strategy that S. aureus has developed to evade our normal immune defences," Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, NIAID director, said in a statement. "Understanding what makes the infections caused by these new strains so severe and developing new drugs to treat them are urgent public health priorities."

Dr. George G. Zhanel, a medical microbiologist at the University of Manitoba, said the study was the first he had seen that identifies the peptides involved. This shows at least one of the reasons CA-MRSA is able to cause serious problems, Zhanel, who was not part of the research team, said in a telephone interview.

Findings like this may help lead to better treatments, such as ways to neutralize the peptides or to activate the immune system to defeat them, he added.

Dr. Clarence B. Creech, an assistant professor of pediatric infectious disease at Vanderbilt University, said every time scientists find a new way that staph uses to make people sick, "we open up the field of developing new vaccine targets and new drug targets."

"This is one of the papers we can look to as we develop new vaccines and drugs," said Creech, who was not part of the research team.

http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2007/11/12/staph-germ.html


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Fourth student in county contracts MRSA

November 13, 2007
By RYAN PAGELOW rpagelow@scn1.com

A fourth Lake County student in the last three weeks has contracted MRSA.

A student at South Elementary School in North Chicago was confirmed to have the staph infection, said South Principal Steve Novak. The superintendent closed the school Friday for cleaning after a parent informed the school of her child's infection Thursday evening during parent-teacher conferences, Novak said. Friday was an in-service day at the school for parent-teacher conferences, so no classes were disrupted by the closing.

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 13 2007 at 6:50am
I did want to say some kind words concerning all the research you have done here. It is just that what is disturbing is that the flashlight just came on, while the situation has existed a long time. This always is well - the delay sometimes can be years... one of the things to look over is compared to the previous outbreaks.. how virulent, infectious, air borne, and hooked to the amoeboid infection are the cases coming up.

M.C.

note : the immune system attack augment is interesting. If this bug gets too proficient we have an air borne immune disease. That would make it a bit ominous.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote muriel46 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 13 2007 at 11:29am
Point well taken, MC.  I too have been saying that all of a sudden staph, and especially MRSA, has the spotlight.  There are several possible reasons why this could be happening now. 

1) The report of the number of staph cases and staph deaths for 2005, just recently released, made it impossible not to confront the increasing threat from CA staph. I believe that was the jumping off point for the news blitz.

 2) There is a definite increase in CA staph, and notably in CA MRSA.  This trend has been kept under the radar until now. 

3) The virulence of MRSA, especially when combined with flu, is definitely newsworthy.  There are a few stories surfacing now of the rapid lethality of MRSA pneumonia, the destruction of interior organs with systemic staph, and horror pictures being shown on the  MSM.  Reporters can't be outdone on a breaking story, and when that 2005 report was released, it made MRSA fair game.

I know that staph has been around a long time, mostly in the health care setting.  It almost killed my FIL 25 years ago, but I believe that what we are seeing now is very different from the hospital staph.  The term Superbugs may be overused, but when you look at the strep that is mutating (as seen in the deaths of the young children with "seasonal flu" combined with a strep infectin), as well as staph, TB, malaria, dengue, chikungunya, you see a general trend in the mutation and strengthening of well-known diseases, even mumps and measles.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 13 2007 at 2:25pm
Originally posted by muriel46 muriel46 wrote:

Point well taken, MC.  I too have been saying that all of a sudden staph, and especially MRSA, has the spotlight.  There are several possible reasons why this could be happening now. 

1) The report of the number of staph cases and staph deaths for 2005, just recently released, made it impossible not to confront the increasing threat from CA staph. I believe that was the jumping off point for the news blitz.

 2) There is a definite increase in CA staph, and notably in CA MRSA.  This trend has been kept under the radar until now. 

3) The virulence of MRSA, especially when combined with flu, is definitely newsworthy.  There are a few stories surfacing now of the rapid lethality of MRSA pneumonia, the destruction of interior organs with systemic staph, and horror pictures being shown on the  MSM.  Reporters can't be outdone on a breaking story, and when that 2005 report was released, it made MRSA fair game.

I know that staph has been around a long time, mostly in the health care setting.  It almost killed my FIL 25 years ago, but I believe that what we are seeing now is very different from the hospital staph.  The term Superbugs may be overused, but when you look at the strep that is mutating (as seen in the deaths of the young children with "seasonal flu" combined with a strep infectin), as well as staph, TB, malaria, dengue, chikungunya, you see a general trend in the mutation and strengthening of well-known diseases, even mumps and measles.


Another interesting point, don't have the story here, was a girl who got both staph and flu and that was definitely a finisher. I have been trying to correlate systemic, with encepth, avian, and a third culprit. This triad could hit us with something really tough to deal with.  You might want to take a second look at the "endemic" hints concernig Avian in U.K.  MRSA is getting very close to endemic in humans in the U.S.

MC
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MRSA Reported At Another Pittsburgh-Area School

1 hour, 37 minutes ago

Another case of MRSA was reported Tuesday night at a Pittsburgh-area school.

The Fox Chapel School District sent a letter home to parents after a child at Dorseyville Middle School contracted the superbug.

The district said the child has already been treated for the infection and has been cleared to return to school.

But the student must keep the infected area covered at all times.

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LEXINGTON
3 Lafayette High Students Have MRSA

Pvar wn_last_ed_date = getLEDate("Nov13, 2007 4:01 PM EST"); document.write(wn_last_ed_date); Nov 13, 2007 04:01 PM EST

ewn_last_ed_date = getLEDate("Nov13, 2007 4:12 PM EST"); document.write(wn_last_ed_date);ov 13, 2007 04:12 PM EST

Parents of Lafayette High School students were informed Tuesday that three students have been diagnosed with the antibiotic-resistant staph infection MRSA.

A release from Fayette County Schools said that the three students are being treated for the infection, and that there is a close connection in the three cases and that they don't believe there is an increased risk for other students and faculty.

The release said that school leaders have instituted an "intense cleaning regime" as advised by the health department.

The release did not state whether or not the students were currently attending school

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Child with MRSA in fair condition; Le Bonheur urges calm
News Channel 3 was first to tell you about the student
News Channel 3 was first to tell you about the student
Palestine-Wheatley school closed Tuesday to disinfect
Palestine-Wheatley school closed Tuesday to disinfect

george.brown@wreg.com

(Memphis 11/13/2007) This morning, doctors at Le Bonheur Children's Medical Center said the child infected with MRSA is in fair condition. We're told the child, who turns 11 years old today, is doing well but the MRSA has gotten into his bone and tissue.

Also this morning, doctors at Le Bonheur urged people to remain calm and noted there is no MRSA outbreak in the Mid-South. Doctors told us they treat cases like this and though it is an extremely strong strain of staph, most patients do recover.

Palestine-Wheatley schools, where the 11 year old attends classes, are closed today. School officials are cleaning every classroom and common area with bleach to be proactive. Doctors at Le Bonheur told us that's an OK idea but probably won't really do much.

According to the Mayo Clinic, "Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria - often called "staph." Decades ago, a strain of staph emerged in hospitals that was resistant to the broad-spectrum antibiotics commonly used to treat it. Dubbed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), it was one of the first germs to outwit all but the most powerful drugs. MRSA infection can be fatal.

Staph bacteria are normally found on the skin or in the nose of about one-third of the population. If you have staph on your skin or in your nose but aren't sick, you are said to be "colonized" but not infected with MRSA. Healthy people can be colonized with MRSA and have no ill effects. However, they can pass the germ to others."

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 14 2007 at 5:50pm
Governor Orders MRSA Panel

Posted: var wn_last_ed_date = getLEDate("Nov14, 2007 7:51 PM EST"); document.write(wn_last_ed_date); Nov 14, 2007 07:51 PM EST

Updated: var wn_last_ed_date = getLEDate("Nov14, 2007 7:51 PM EST"); document.write(wn_last_ed_date); Nov 14, 2007 07:51 PM EST

RICHLAND, Wash.- Washington Governor Christine Gregoire orders the state Department of Health convene a panel on how to monitor antibiotic-resistant diseases like MRSA.

Right now, the Benton-Franklin Health Department doesn't track aggressive disease.

Gregoire also wants to increase the public awareness about the potentially deadly disease.

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote johngardner1 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 14 2007 at 8:19pm
    I live in Seattle, there's been a bit of coverage on MRSA but not very much, just the usual 15 second sound bite
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State Confirms Two Panhandle MRSA Deaths in Two Weeks

The state health department now confirms there have been two MRSA deaths in the Texas panhandle in the past two weeks.

State officials say they can't reveal more details about the highly contagious disease because of HIPAA laws. NewsChannel 10 has learned confusion over legal interpretation is what's keeping a lid on infection information in our area.

"I think it's easy to hide behind HIPAA because so many people don't understand it," says Doctor Neese, who notes HIPAA is not meant to keep the public in the dark. "The concept of HIPAA was supposed to apply just for the individual patients but I think hospitals and other organizations are using it to their benefit, kind of hiding behind it in a way," she adds.

One local lawyer explains while HIPAA normally does not apply to stats on infectious diseases, there is an exception. "If the hospital or healthcare provider determines that by releasing that information, an individual could put two and two together and figure out an identity then they could in theory have to say no," says healthcare lawyer Glen Sanborn.

Dr. Neese insists the public has a right to know about  infection levels.  She says she's treated three patients with MRSA in her own office in the last month. To check the HIPAA facts yourself, and to learn more about the drug-resistant staph infection known as MRSA, click on the links below.

http://www.cms.hhs.gov/HIPAAGenInfo/

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_mrsa.html

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A Tri-Cities day care confirms MRSA case
 
Thursday, Nov 15, 2007 - 01:48 PM 
 
By News Channel 11 Staff Reports

Your Tri-Cities News Source has learned on November 12th, East Tennessee State University was notified of a confirmed case of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) at Little Buccaneers Student Child Care Center.

The MRSA case was reported in the Infant-Toddler secion of the center.  The confirmation was reported by the child's parent.

Little Bucs Student Child Care Center says it is taking extra precautions to ensure proper cleanliness is occurring.  The center also says it is cleaning with appropriate disinfectants.

According to a press release, at this point, Little Buccaneers Student Child Care Center says there is no indication that further measures are necessary, except ETSU encourages students, faculty, and staff to practice good hand washing.

Your Tri-Cities News Source is following this story and will bring you more tonight on News Channel 11 at 5 and News Channel 11 at 6.

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Providence Bus Monitor Diagnosed With MRSA

Updated: var wn_last_ed_date = getLEDate("Nov15, 2007 4:02 PM EST"); document.write(wn_last_ed_date); Nov 15, 2007 04:02 PM EST

PROVIDENCE, R.I. (WPRI) -- Eyewitness News has learned a local school bus monitor has been diagnosed with MRSA.

Wednesday night parents in Providence were notified of the situation through a mass phone alert. Today, letters will be sent home with students.

A day after we learned a school bus monitor was diagnosed with MRSA, parents sent their kids to class after being told things are okay.

Eyewitness News has learned that parents of students at two Providence elementary schools; Martin Luther King and Carl Lauro elementary school were called Wednesday night and told the MRSA situation is being dealt with.

Officials confirm bus number 136 was running with a monitor diagnosed with a MRSA skin infection. The so-called "Superbug" staph infection is nicknamed that because it's often resistant to most medications and can be deadly in those with weak immune systems.

Today, school officials hope to put certain fears to rest, saying it's "all clear" for the kids to ride the bus and be at school.

And the parents we spoke to say they're not worried.

"The phone call seemed to indicate they'd done everything they needed to do to ensure the safety of the children and I'm sure the school system would not put any of the children at risk," says of mother of two students, Kim Lawrence.

"As long as the problem is being taken care of, I don't have a problem with it," adds Lawrence.

No one will comment on specifics of the infected monitor's current work status. But the health department says as long as the infection is covered and being treated, there's no reason to go into hiding.

For a look at the school superintendents statement on the issue, click on the provided link within this story.



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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 16 2007 at 3:37am
Superbug Spreads Throughout Area Schools

Posted: var wn_last_ed_date = getLEDate("Nov15, 2007 11:33 AM EST"); document.write(wn_last_ed_date); Nov 15, 2007 11:33 AM EST

The Superbug continues to spread throughout area schools.

This time, a student at Bay Village Elementary school has become infected.

The student has already sought treatment and has been released from the hospital.

This is Bay Village's second MRSA case in less than a month.

A student at the high school was also infected.

19 Action News has also learned that a high school student at Nordonia has been stricken with the Superbug.

The student has since been treated and has returned to school.

District officials say they have thoroughly disinfected the school and buses as soon as they were notified of the potentially hazardous health situation.

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote johngardner1 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 16 2007 at 10:27am
    Most if not all reported cases here in Washington state have been in schools.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote muriel46 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 16 2007 at 3:20pm
Thanks to Merlin at TR

Aggressive staph germ causes cells to explode, researchers find


Last Updated: Monday, November 12, 2007 | 10:57 AM ET
The Associated Press

The aggressive antibiotic-resistant staph infection responsible for thousands of recent illnesses in the United States undermines the body's defences by causing germ-fighting cells to explode, researchers reported Sunday.

Experts say the findings may help lead to better treatments.

The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, infection long has been associated with health-care facilities, where it attacks people with weakened immune systems. But many recent cases involve an aggressive strain, community-associated MRSA, or CA-MRSA. It can cause severe infections and even death in otherwise healthy people outside of health care settings.

The CA-MRSA strain secretes a kind of peptide — a compound formed by amino acids — that causes immune cells called neutrophils to burst, eliminating a main defence against infection, according to researchers.

The findings, from a team of U.S. and German researchers led by Michael Otto of the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, appeared in Sunday's online edition of the journal Nature Medicine. The research was conducted in mice and with human blood in laboratory tests.

Both hospital-associated and community-associated MRSA contained genes for the peptides. But their production was much higher in the CA-MRSA, the researchers said.

The compounds first cause inflammation, drawing the immune cells to the site of the infection, and then destroy those cells. Within five minutes of exposure to the peptides from CA-MRSA, human neutrophils showed flattening and signs of damage to their membrane, researchers said. After 60 minutes, many cells had disintegrated completely.

"This elegant work helps reveal the complex strategy that S. aureus has developed to evade our normal immune defences," Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, NIAID director, said in a statement. "Understanding what makes the infections caused by these new strains so severe and developing new drugs to treat them are urgent public health priorities."

Dr. George G. Zhanel, a medical microbiologist at the University of Manitoba, said the study was the first he had seen that identifies the peptides involved.

This shows at least one of the reasons CA-MRSA is able to cause serious problems, Zhanel, who was not part of the research team, said in a telephone interview.

Findings like this may help lead to better treatments, such as ways to neutralize the peptides or to activate the immune system to defeat them, he added.

Dr. Clarence B. Creech, an assistant professor of pediatric infectious disease at Vanderbilt University, said every time scientists find a new way that staph uses to make people sick, "we open up the field of developing new vaccine targets and new drug targets."

"This is one of the papers we can look to as we develop new vaccines and drugs," said Creech, who was not part of the research team.

http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2007/11/12/staph-germ.html
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote muriel46 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 16 2007 at 3:22pm
Thanks to Rickk from P  F  I -   http://**********/viewtopic.php?t=1835&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=30

Study shows pig farms a source of MRSA

08 Nov 2007

"Study shows animal agriculture as a source of Methicillin-resistant Staphyloccus aureus (MRSA). The deadly bacteria once thought only to occur in hospitals and has caused up to 19,000 deaths in 2005 in the US - nearly 2,000 more victims than HIV/AIDS killed that year.  The new study (Khanna et al. 2007), published in Veterinary Microbiology, identified MRSA on 45% of 20 Ontario farms in nearly one in four pigs and one in five farmers. A strain of bacteria common to human MRSA infections in Canada was found in the Ontario pigs and pig farmers studied.

Possible source

Previous studies pointed to MRSA occurring mainly in hospitals, however, the new Veterinary Microbiology study indicates that pig farms may be a possible source of this infection.

Activists are calling on Congress to order the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate whether the surge in MRSA infections (100,000 in 2005) is caused by the use of human antibiotics in animal agriculture. (Are they finally realizing this or finally admitting the possibility?  I would think the former.)David Wallinga, MD, Director of the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy’s Food and Health Programme, stated that in view of the latest findings that pig farms may be a source of MRSA, the FDA and other agencies should receive funding quickly to carry out sampling."

http://www.pigprogress.net/news/id1602-35314/study_shows_pig_farms_a_source_of_mrsa.html
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Student at Pickerington Elementary School has MRSA

PICKERINGTON — Pickerington Elementary School was informed today that a student has been diagnosed with the staph infection methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This student was under the care of a physician and is safe to return to school.
The cleaning products used by Pickerington Local School custodians kills 99.9 percent of germs associated with many illnesses, including MRSA, according to a news release by the school district. Over the past few weeks, school district custodians have enhanced their routine services. In addition, all of the busses that Petermann Transportation uses to transport Pickerington students are thoroughly cleaned on a daily basis.

Common signs of a MRSA skin infection include redness, warmth, swelling and tenderness. Often a MRSA infection will look like a spider bite, boil, abscess or pimple. If left untreated, it could progress into a more serious illness.
Studies in health care and community settings show skin-to-skin contact, direct contact with infected wound drainage or contact with contaminated surfaces or things such as sports equipment as the likely sources of transmission. MRSA skin infections are not spread through the air.



For more specific information about this infection, please visit the Ohio Department of Health Web site at: www.odh.ohio.gov. Should you have any additional questions or information related to this issue please feel free to contact the school’s office at (614) 833-2115.

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http://www.phillyburbs.com/pb-dyn/news/112-11152007-1441338.html

Pem. Twp. schools report MRSA cases


By JASON HARRIS
Burlington County Times

PEMBERTON TOWNSHIP — A middle-school student and a teacher's aide have been diagnosed with MRSA bacterial infections in the past eight days, but the Burlington County Health Department said the cases probably are coincidental and not evidence of a larger outbreak.

School district spokesman Mike Pinto said one student at Helen Fort Middle School was diagnosed Tuesday and a teacher's aide at Aletta Crichton School reported contracting the infection Nov. 7.

Barbara Greco, district director of student personnel services, added that a custodian at Crichton who had been previously infected developed further infection in mid-August and returned to work after a few days.

A boy who attends preschool at an off-campus location was diagnosed with the infection in October, but Greco said he missed only two days of school.


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'Superbug' cited in Hawaii singer's death

By Christie Wilson
Advertiser Neighbor Island Editor


Hawaii news photo - The Honolulu Advertiser

spacer spacer


spacer spacer


Test results from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed that well-known Maori entertainer Rhonda Bryers died of the drug-resistant "superbug" that has been attracting national attention.

Bryers, 55, died Sept. 28 at her 'Aiea Heights home after falling ill from an infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, said Honolulu Medical Examiner Dr. Kanthi De Alwis.

Bryers did not have any external wounds or other obvious entry points for the bacteria, which is probably why she was not diagnosed with a staph infection before her death, De Alwis said. Because she died unexpectedly at home, her death was investigated by the medical examiner.

Bryers used just her first name, Rhonda, on stage.

Deputy Medical Examiner Dr. Gayle Suzuki said she believes this is the only MRSA case her office has seen in at least five years. The medical examiner investigates cases where the victim dies at home. There have been other MRSA-related deaths in hospitals.

MRSA infections can range from mild skin infections such as pimples and boils to more severe infections of the bloodstream and lungs. Because the infection usually is transmitted via contact with contaminated items, good hygiene, especially thorough hand-washing, remains the best defense against acquiring the bacteria, experts said.

Suzuki said a 51-year-old O'ahu woman died at home of a staph infection in July, but it did not involve MRSA. Just as in Bryers' case, the woman complained of flu-like symptoms but did not have a festering wound or other apparent entry point.

Staph infections are not a reportable illness in Hawai'i, so there are no government data on how many cases or deaths have occurred here. Department of Health spokeswoman Janice Okubo said that in preparation for staph becoming a notifiable condition, her agency is developing a system to provide basic data on infections.

The private, nonprofit Hawaii Health Information Corp. reported 2,112 MRSA hospitalizations in 2006, a more than twentyfold increase from 1995, when only 97 hospital cases were reported. A CDC study released last month said MRSA caused more than 94,000 life-threatening infections and nearly 19,000 deaths in the United States in 2005.

De Alwis said that at the time Bryers succumbed to sepsis, the infection was rampant in her bloodstream and had ravaged her internal organs.

OTHERS STRICKEN

Bryers' son, John Ruddock, only yesterday learned that his mother had MRSA. He said three other people living in the house were sick with pneumonia before Bryers fell ill with a 105-degree fever, chills and other flu-like symptoms. "We were all getting sick at the same time, and she caught it last," he said. "Everyone thought it was the flu."

After several days, Bryers went to her physician, who prescribed antibiotics, he said. Two to three days later, she died at home.

Ruddock, 20, said that the day before his mother died she complained of body aches but did not appear to be gravely ill. "She seemed pretty fine," he said.

Bryers had undergone surgery in August and fully recovered, said Ruddock, in a telephone interview from New Zealand, where he is recording an album of island and reggae music.

De Alwis said she does not believe the surgery was a factor in how Bryers acquired the staph infection, which remains a mystery. Bryers also did not have any other health conditions before she got sick, she said.

BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

Infectious disease expert Dr. Alan Tice said it is well known that viral influenza is a setup for bacterial infections with staph, pneumococcus, and Hemophilus influenza.

"I have seen people with an apparent viral infection, especially influenza, develop a severe bacterial infection a few days later, likely due to immune depression from the virus. Some die and staph is a common culprit," he said.

About 30 percent of people carry the bacteria on their skin or in their nasal passage without symptoms. Infections normally occur when the staph bacteria enter the body through a cut in the skin, but it is not uncommon for there to be no obvious external infection, said Tice, a private physician who also works at the University of Hawai'i John A. Burns School of Medicine.

"Even patients admitted to the hospital with staph in their blood may have no obvious entrance wound, but it is not a big surprise, with a third of people harboring it normally," Tice said. "Just picking your nose or masticating might do it."

Only about 5 percent of all staph infections involve antibiotic-resistant strains, according to Tice. He said researchers still have a lot to learn about infectious diseases, including staph, "and the extraordinary micro-environment we live and die in."

Staph infections, including MRSA, occur most frequently in people in hospitals and healthcare facilities such as nursing homes and dialysis centers who have weakened immune systems, and in those who have undergone medical procedures in the previous year.

Pacific Islanders, the elderly and the homeless have been found to be more susceptible.

Reach Christie Wilson at cwilson@honoluluadvertiser.com.


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MRSA found at Palm Beach County elementary school




GREENACRES, Fla. (AP) - Officials say a case of the MRSA staph infection was found at a Palm Beach County school.

The principal at Heritage Elementary School in Greenacres sent out letters to parents on Thursday reporting the school had three cases, but only one was found Friday when the Health Department investigated.

A health department spokesman says the case is being treated, and there is no longer any threat at the school.

MRSA stands for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

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Briefs: Superbug case reported


Another case of the staph superbug has turned up at a Palatine school. A student at Palatine-Schaumburg High School District 211's Academy-North alternative school has come down with the MRSA infection, or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.

No details on the student's condition were given, though, in a letter to the community. School officials said the student is being treated and will return to school only with a doctor's clearance. MRSA has been increasingly seen outside of hospitals and has mostly been associated with skin infections that in rare cases have severe complications. Health officials, who have been in consultation with District 211, recommend basic hygiene to help control the spread of MRSA, such as hand-washing, keeping wounds covered and not sharing personal items such as towels or water bottles.

Earlier this fall, cases were reported at Palatine High School and schools elsewhere in the suburbs. Academy-North opened in 2005 at 335 E. Illinois Ave. and serves students with behavioral or emotional challenges.
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Young Elementary student may have MRSA


Burlington County Times (Philly)

BURLINGTON TOWNSHIP — A student at the B. Bernice Young Elementary School has been diagnosed with a potential case of MRSA, a bacteria that causes skin infections.

The student is being cared for by a physician, according to Burlington Township School District officials.

The school district sent an e-mail alert informing township residents Friday.

In response to the MRSA case, the school district has deployed additional custodial staff to the Young School to re-disinfect classrooms, physical education spaces, restrooms, playground equipment, the cafeteria and other common areas. Restrooms, including those in pre-kindergarten and kindergarten areas will be cleaned throughout the day. The district has also purchased alcohol-based hand sanitizer for all classrooms, according to school district officials.


MRSA, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is a type of bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics such as penicillin and amoxicillin, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control.

The district has posted additional information about MRSA and how to control the spread of the bacteria on its Web site at http://www.burltwpsch.org/.

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MRSA case reported in Alma


By LINDA GITTLEMAN
Gratiot Managing Editor

Alma Public Schools reported Saturday one confirmed case of MRSA, the drug resistant staph infection.



Superintendent Don Pavlik said schools will open Monday as scheduled. The female high school student is believed to have contracted the infection outside of school. She is now being treated at Carson City Hospital, Pavlik said.

The student last attended classes on Monday and was admitted to the hospital on Thursday. Following a pre-planned schedule unrelated to the infection, schools were closed on Thursday and Friday, he said.

Because the student's parents had kept officials informed of their daughter's infection, school officials had been aware of the possibility of MRSA and extra cleaning and disinfection had taken place during the two-day break.

MRSA  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas  was confirmed late Friday.

The student will not return to school until she has a doctor's clearance, Pavlik said.

School officials had custodial crews on extra duty before this, because another student developed an infection earlier this month. That student's infection, however, turned out not to be MRSA. With rumors and a lot of publicity concerning MRSA, Pavlik said he wanted information to be released to parents as soon as possible. Letters will go out to parents on Monday, as well, he said.

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3 Cases Of 'Superbug' Reported At Grayslake H.S.

GRAYSLAKE, Ill (Lake County News-Sun) ― Grayslake High School facilities will get a major cleaning over the Thanksgiving break in response to three confirmed cases of MRSA among students in the district.


Students were instructed to bring all personal belongings home from their lockers over the break to accommodate an "extensive, thorough" cleaning, according to a letter to district parents from Supt. Catherine Finger.

The district has also installed wall-mounted waterless hand cleanser dispensers in each classroom, along with instructions on ways to limit the spread of staph infections.

MRSA is an antibiotic-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium that is commonly carried in the nose and on the skin of healthy people. The bacterium is often referred to as "staph."

Over the past 20 years, MRSA infections have occurred among patients in hospitals or long-term care facilities, but they are becoming more common in otherwise healthy persons who have not had contact with health care personnel or patients. These infections are known as community-associated MRSA infections.

In addition to the Grayslake High School cases, two MRSA cases have been reported among students in the Lake Villa Elementary School District, one in the Woodland School District and one in South Elementary School in North Chicago.

Dr. Victor Plotkin, an epidemiologist with the Lake County Health Department, said none of the Lake County incidents constitute an outbreak, which requires three lab-confirmed cases of MRSA that appear to be related to one another.

Plotkin said that because MRSA is usually spread through close contact, preventative measures such as frequent handwashing and not sharing personal items are effective in avoiding it. MRSA is not spread through the air.

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Hurst Teacher Contracts MRSA

HURST, Texas -- A Hurst elementary school will under go daily disinfection after a teacher was diagnosed with the drug-resistant strain of staph. Officials from the Hurst-Euless-Bedford school district said a fourth-grade teacher at Donna Park Elementary School contracted Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus -- MRSA. The teacher is on medical leave and the school is taking extra precautions to protect students, such as cleaning bathrooms and classrooms each day, officials said.

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Metro Student Diagnosed With MRSA

An Edmond High School student has been diagnosed with MRSA, a drug-resistant staph infection, authorities said.

KOCO ChannelOklahoma.com
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MRSA Reported At Another Pittsburgh-Area High School

Tue Nov 20, 12:08 PM ET

Another case of MRSA, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, has been reported at a Pittsburgh-area school district.

The principal at Bethel Park High School sent a letter to parents this week, alerting them that a football player was diagnosed with the staph infection.

Parents and students are urged to take measures to keep themselves safe, like washing their hands and not sharing towels

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Smyrna School District not immune to MRSA virus (Delaware)


Three cases of infection confirmed in local schools

By Jennifer Sprague
Staff writer

A strain of staph infections that is resistant to some antibiotics has cropped up in Smyrna schools.

Superintendent Debbie Wicks confirmed three cases of MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but did not disclose which school(s) the students attend.

In a letter to parents dated November 8, Wicks said that the affected students in Smyrna “promptly went to the doctor, are receiving appropriate antibiotics and no longer pose a threat.”

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Grayslake School To Get MRSA Scrubdown

GRAYSLAKE, Ill. (Lake County News-Sun) ― Grayslake High School facilities will get a major cleaning over the Thanksgiving break in response to three confirmed cases of MRSA among students.

Students were told to bring all personal belongings home from their lockers over the break to accommodate an "extensive, thorough" cleaning, according to a letter from district Supt. Catherine Finger.

The far north suburban district has also installed wall-mounted, waterless hand cleanser dispensers in each classroom.
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9-Year-Old MPS Student Diagnosed With MRSA

Tue Nov 20, 11:36 AM ET

A Milwaukee mother wants to know why she was not told sooner about a dangerous and contagious skin infection in her daughter's school.

Dayshana, 9, was hospitalized for MRSA over the weekend. She attends Keefe Avenue School.

Milwaukee Public Schools officials confirm that another child was also diagnosed with MRSA there about a month ago.

Dayshana's mother said she would have realized that her daughter had MRSA and taken her to the doctor sooner -- if she had known there was another case at the school.

"I feel like they tell the parents everything else going on. (I) feel they should have easily typed up the letter and stated that the school had been exposed to staph infection," Davina Gillison said.

MPS said it is looking into the MRSA cases and the parental notification policies.

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Student at Staten Island school diagnosed with superbug

By ERIN EINHORN
DAILY NEWS STAFF WRITER

Tuesday, November 20th 2007, 4:00 AM

An eighth-grader at the Petrides School on Staten Island has been diagnosed with the same superbug that led to the death of a Brooklyn boy last month, school sources said.

The girl, who has been at home recovering since early this month, is being treated for the MRSA bacteria and is expected to make a full recovery, the sources said. Parents were notified last week and were invited to an information session set for Tuesday morning.

"MRSA is a common staph infection that is resistant to certain antibiotics but is highly treatable and very rarely dangerous," Principal Joanne Buckheit wrote to parents. The Petrides School is a highly regarded K-12 program that uses a lottery to choose students from across Staten Island

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(Chicago)

JJC steps up cleaning after student gets MRSA

November 21, 2007
By Ken O'Brien STAFF WRITER

JOLIET -- A student at Joliet Junior College has been diagnosed with MRSA.

The student came into contact the bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, in a hospital, JJC President Gena Proulx said in an e-mail sent to students Monday night. The student is under the care of a doctor and there is no threat to the college, she said.

JJC has a main campus in Joliet, one each in Morris and Romeoville and two other sites in Joliet.




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Possible MRSA Case: Local Student Being Treated (Wisconsin)
Click For Video!

The health department investigates a potential case of MRSA at a local school.

The focus is on the Augusta Elementary School.

MRSA is a staph infection that's resistant to many types of antibiotics. It's been around for years, but has been receiving more attention lately after outbreaks at some schools in the U.S.


On Monday, a parent called the Augusta School District and said that her child might have MRSA. A letter was later sent out to parents. In it, it says, "That person is being treated and is not in school. School personnel have taken steps to disinfect anything that could be potentially contaminated."

News 18 talked to Augusta's superintendent on Tuesday night. Stephen La Fave says the case has not been confirmed, but is being investigated by the Eau Claire City-County Health Department. He also says the school district stepped up its efforts to protect students and staff even before this happened.

There's no more information being released about the student who is being treated for a possible case of MRSA.

If you have any questions about MRSA, there's a lot of information posted on this website. Just click on "Links" and then, "MRSA Answers
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MRSA Case Confirmed At Harwich High School (Cape Cod MASS)
by Alan Pollock

            HARWICH — School officials sent a letter home with students this week, alerting parents to a confirmed case of MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) at Harwich High School.  The student is recovering well, and officials say there was no risk that the infection was transmitted to other students.

            On Sunday, one day after the infection was confirmed, Superintendent of Schools Dr. Carolyn Cragin sent nearly 1,500 email and recorded phone messages to parents, using the district’s computerized Connect-Ed system.  As a precaution, school custodians disinfected desks, lockers and other surfaces throughout the building Sunday. 

           

            On Friday, school officials were first alerted to the possibility that a student had a MRSA infection, but the information wasn’t confirmed until Saturday.  The parents of the infected student have been in close communication with Cragin, and on Monday, the mother called to give Cragin an update on her daughter’s condition.

            “She expressed to me that this was the kind of information that she would want to know, if she were in the position of other parents,” Cragin said.

            MRSA cases have been confirmed in several school districts around the state, including an elementary school in Falmouth and a day care center in Mashpee.  Last month, an elementary school student in Brooklyn died from a MRSA infection, and other deaths were reported in several other states.  MRSA infections are also known to occur in hospitals and other healthcare settings.  Public health officials say the best way people can avoid MRSA and other related infections is to practice regular hand-washing, and to keep cuts and scrapes clean and covered with a bandage until they have healed.

 

11/22/07

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Once again, Baby Girl, I would ask that somehow an evaluation be made as to what percent of people (30%) have this and what is the true current CFR. This is very important as far as the fact suddenly they are testing for this and reporting it and we have known about and had this for years.

Also, secondly there needs to be a follow up on the spore binding form with amoeba which can carry this airborne. This is apparently being transmitted and the fact that people are dying from it is also not new.

Almost a decade ago, when we were concerned about the reverse suction and isolation protocols in many hospitals the irony was that the air was still mixing with the main flow of air and hospitals were becoming breeding grounds for MRSA infection.

My question for you is honestly, are we worse off now than all the reports I have posted from March 2006, when this bug mutated and became a serious problem.

Are we still at the stage where washing your hands and such is preventative if it is in the air? Also if it is now in the spore form, spore are incredibly resistant.

THE SECOND as very important question is why is this happening in the U.S.? Why are we not seeing a global Pandemic? Was this something that just happened - or as per threat - are we actually seeing something else.

My family and many friends continue to be ill. There are several forms of flu and illness sweeping through communities and flattening people. One specific woman wrote me of this and said it resulted in intestinal illness as well. Another woman I spoke to from Florida last night had infiltrate in 90% of her lung,they had to do major thoracic surgery and she nearly died several weeks ago.

MRSA has not been a reported condition in many health care facilities to state and federal health authorities. We do not have an accurate count currently of cases, and I continue to try and find out - is it worse - or have we had this and it was just not being reported.

Medclincian
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Hi Med, Im concerned about the spread of disease through the school community. I think it has the potential to be a very serious problem to the point of closing schools. Im just observing the "jump" from the hospital and into academic settings. After several months Id like to see the percentage of cases acquired in these settings and my guess is that you will see a trend of the number of these type of cases rapidly escalating.
This is a different and more serious form of the disease than found in the hospital.

I hope you all feel better soon. Happy Thanksgiving to you ~~


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Originally posted by BabyGirl BabyGirl wrote:

Hi Med, Im concerned about the spread of disease through the school community. I think it has the potential to be a very serious problem to the point of closing schools. Im just observing the "jump" from the hospital and into academic settings. After several months Id like to see the percentage of cases acquired in these settings and my guess is that you will see a trend of the number of these type of cases rapidly escalating.
This is a different and more serious form of the disease than found in the hospital.

I hope you all feel better soon. Happy Thanksgiving to you ~~




Thanks Baby Girl. Yes, I think you are on to something here. It is a hole in the infrastructure in terms of not being totally transparent in reporting the spread of disease, the empty seats in the classrooms when children stay home sick, cannot be ignored.

You know that the form that binds as a spore and is airborne is a bioweapon and from wherever, it is a great concern whether this form, however it came to exist, is what is infecting schools and causing them to be shut down.

So, however clandestine the hospital records may be, and whether doctors report MSRA or not, it is money that moves the school districts when little Johnny is not there, and they loose X dollars, that gives us some idea when disease ripples through the general population.

And of course, the fact it has left the gyms, and prisons, and hospitals, and has made the leap.

Sincerely, I respect the work you have done researching and posting and I have always told people who have more time than I do to spend posting and such, this is a niche in the world that is extremely important. Not the reporter on main media, but the data miner, crawling through the obscure or non-obscure stories and piecing it together, independent of spin and economic motivation.

One of the best ways, most positive is to state these problems, these disease issues, and the coming Pandemic as challenges to us as a nation, and as a people. There are armies who have laid down their weapons and taken a break, there are phenomenal things that have happened between nations, when for the sake of survival, all the rhetoric and politics had to be put on hold, so we could unite as a world community to face an ominous threat to us all.

It is disturbing that much of what is on the net ended march 2006 or at the first of this year. Many countries stopped counting or simply backed off making the spreading epidemics a major issue, and became wrapped up in foreign policy, economics, and politics as the elections approach in 2008 and a great change for America and the world as the torch is passed to another lead and the grave responsibility of imperative need for change and mending of that which is broken and the laying of a new direction while the old still so persistently strives to survive. .

There is a feeling that things (99%) will just go on as they have been. They cannot. The viruses are changing and in one study with doctors I spoke to bacteria were releasing substances that were communicating with other bacteria, much like ants or bees with scent trails and other strange forms of group intelligence.  This is an overs implication and some will say a mixed metaphor - but basically germs don't think - but there is some type of method to their survival imperative.

This sounds very sci-fi- but I have been researching "the pack theory" and I won't get into it this morning or here, but we are up against smarter germs. And they are smart in a way that is not AI, but rather some type of primal thinking way beyond our neural obsessive models, and they are going to give us grief.

Our children, will carry the diseases more effectively and be the greatest challenge in containing its spread. For some, it is their children, for childless couples or single people, they may not be so fond or fuzzy concerning the spread of a lethal virus by children vectors.

It is clear that children are a top priority in government thinking as far as vaccination and immunization. With whatever vaccines or drugs we have, we must contain the spread within the young. Because of their hyper immune systems they are the prime target for the "immune system (cyto) storm) which kills people with Avian. It is no coincidence so many 12 year olds die on respirators in Indonesia.

There is an MRSA III and that is one, the spore former, the amoeboid jumper that you should be concerned about.

Medclinician
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MRSA case reported in Brentwood(PA)

by John Santa
Staff Writer
November 22, 2007

Less than one week after a case of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) surfaced at Thomas Jefferson High School, another was reported at Brentwood Middle School.

Brentwood Superintendent Ronald Dufalla notified parents of the MRSA case in a letter sent home, which was dated Nov. 15. The letter indicated one MRSA case had been diagnosed and reported within the middle school population.

No other information has been released regarding the case.

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Community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA): an emerging pathogen in infective endocarditis.
B Cherie Millar, Bernard D Prendergast, and John E Moore
J. Antimicrob. Chemother., October 25, 2007; .    Abstract
 

Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AD, Northern Ireland, UK.

 
Over the last decade, a novel methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged, primarily associated with healthy individuals within the community. This organism is distinct from healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) in terms of epidemiology, microbiology and clinical manifestation and as such has been defined as community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). Given that S. aureus is a major aetiological agent of infective endocarditis (IE), particularly associated with the iv drug user population, reports of IE attributed to CA-MRSA are now emerging in the literature. The aims of this article are to (i) define and contrast CA-MRSA with HA-MRSA; (ii) review the published cases of CA-MRSA IE to date; and (iii) evaluate the current international recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis and treatment regimens for IE in relation to CA-MRSA.

http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;17962214
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Two inmates, officer infected with MRSA (Syracuse)

Saturday, November 24, 2007
By Debra J. Groom
Staff writer

There are three cases of MRSA infection at Cayuga Correctional Facility in Moravia, the state Department of Correctional Services confirmed Friday.

Erik Kriss, speaking for the department, said two inmates and one corrections officer are suffering from the staph infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the so-called MRSA bacteria.

The two inmates are being treated at the facility, and their disease is not considered life-threatening. Kriss could not release information on treatment of the officer because of state privacy laws.

 
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